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Q1.What is
the definition of "cycle use" and "standby
use"?
A1."Cycle Use"
- direct power source:
It can provide the power supply to power
tools, portable electronic products. It
can also be used for cycling charging and
discharging usage such as electronics motorbike
or vacuum cleaner.
"Standby Use" - back up power:
Mainly used for emergency power to avoid
future damage that may be caused by a sudden
power outage.
Q2.Why
is the charging voltage for "cycle use"
higher that the voltage used for "standby
use"?
A2.Cycle
use is a direct power source. The charging
time can not be too long for a user. The
higher charging voltage can provide longer
maximum charging current during the charging
period. (A full charge should be Charging
AH / Discharging AH = 110% ~ 120%.)
|
Application |
Charging voltage (V/cell)
|
Max.
Charging Current (A) |
|
Temperature |
Design |
Tolerance |
|
Cycle
Use |
20¡ãC
(68¡ãF) |
2.45 |
2.40
~ 2.50 |
0.3C
|
|
Standby
Use |
20¡ãC
(68¡ãF) |
2.275 |
2.25
~ 2.30 |
Q3.What
is the effect of different charging currents
on batteries?
A3.A higher
charging current can shorten charging time.
However, a higher charging will cause more
heat and gas inside the battery and could
result in thermal runaway. The suggested
charging current for our battery is 0.3C.
Q4.What
does "100% discharge" and "50% discharge"
mean?
A4.To illustrate,
use a fixed load to discharge (W or A).
If the discharge time is 10 minutes until
the voltage comes down to the final voltage
then we can say it is 100% discharged. In
the same way, if the discharge time is 5
minutes then it is 50% discharged. The table
below shows the relationship between "discharge
current" and "final voltage."
|
Discharge current (A) |
Discharge final voltage |
|
0.2C
> (A) |
1.75 |
|
0.5C
> (A) 3 0.2C |
1.7 |
|
1.0C
> (A) 3 0.5C |
1.55 |
|
(A)>=
1.0C |
1.30 |
Q5.Thermal
runaway will happen if a battery is operated
under 40 - 50¡ãC for a long period. How will
thermal runaway effect a battery?
A5.Thermal runaway in a battery will cause
excessive heat generation, battery swelling
and result in a dangerous condition. CCB
does not recommend the use of our batteries
for a long time under a 40¡ã - 50¡ã C (104¡ã
- 122¡ãF) environment. The battery should
not be used close to a heat source or in
a high temperature application.
Q6.How
can you check a battery's performance?
A6.Different
usage applications will use different methods
for evaluating a battery's performance.
Using a 20 hour rate or the 10 hour rate,
you can use 0.05CA or 0.1CA to discharge
the battery until the battery reaches a
terminal voltage of 10.25 volts. You can
then calculate the amp hours to see if the
battery fits the specifications or not.
For a 5 minutes rate, such as the CCB12V5Ah,
you can use a 21 watts/cell discharge till
the terminal voltage reaches a terminal
voltage of 9.6 volts and then measure the
discharge time to see if it meets the final
specifications or not.
Q7.If
a battery is stored for 6 months at 30¡ãC
(86¡ãF) since its manufacturing date, how
can you bring the battery's performance
back to 90% in 1 hour's time? Will that
procedure cause any quality problems?
A7.A brand
new battery stored for 6 months since its
manufacturing date will loose 30-35% in
performance. You can use 0.3CA, C.V.=14.7V/PCS
to charge for one hour. The battery should
then return to normal performance.
Q8.How
can the conversion be made between "watts
(W)" and "amp hours (Ah)"?
A8.W=I x
V = 4I (15 minute rate) = 2CV = 2V
Q9.Why
"zero voltage" might happen?
A9.Zero voltage
means there is a broken circuit. There could
be several reasons for a zero voltage state.
1.There could be a broken electrode column
2.Welding defects of the partition
3.Welding defects of the terminal
Q10.How
can you tell if a battery is good or bad?
A10.You should
first check the battery for defects such
as a broken circuit, a short, or a broken
container. If an outward problem is not
apparent, then you will have to check the
battery's capacity using known measuring
techniques to ascertain the problem.
Q11.Self-discharge will
reduce a battery's performance gradually.
What is the best storage environment to
minimize self-discharge? How can a battery
be reverted to normal performance?
A11.A battery
will drop its performance during the storage
period automatically; this phenomenon is
denoted at "self-discharge." This state
of "self-discharge" cannot be avoided.
We suggest recharging
batteries during a storage period using
the guidelines outlined below.
|
Storage temperature |
Suggested charging interval |
Charging methods |
|
Lower
than 20¡ãC (68¡ãF) |
Each
6 months |
C.V.
2.275 V/cell charge for 16 - 24 hours. |
|
20
- 30¡ãC (68 - 86¡ãF) |
Each
3 months |
C.V.
2.45 V/cell charge for 5 - 8 hours |
|
Over
30¡ãC (86¡ãF) |
Storage
to be avoided |
C.C.
0.05CA charge for 5 - 8 hours |
Normally you may not get 100% performance
back after storage during the first recharge.
That means those batteries may need more
than one recharge cycle. Please discharge
then recharge
for 3 cycles.
Q12.What
is "over-discharge" and what is it's effect
on a battery?
A12.If the
final voltage is lower than the standard
final voltage, we can say the battery is
"over-discharged." The state will affect
the battery's quality very seriously.
1.The "over discharge" state will cause
overuse of active material. The composition
of the battery will be changed by the over
discharge. There will be degradation of
the plate.
2.It may bring out too much or large amounts
of lead sulfate (PbSO4) which could cause
damage to the plate structure. A recharge
may not bring the full performance of the
battery back.
3.Recharging after over discharging may
lead to short failures.
Q13.What
are the advantages of using CCB batteries?
A13.1.Low self-discharge rate, superior performance
2.High quality and competitive price of
batteries.
3.Batteries for all applications, UPS, power
tools, telecommunications, etc.
4.Service supported after purchase by CCB
Q14.Why
are there different plate designs for different
batteries?
A14.1.Customer demand
2.Special requirements dictate thickness
and dimension
3.Our engineers will create the best design
based on usage and application
Q15.What
is the effect of "floating charge voltage"
in relation to battery life?
Q16.You can use a serial
or parallel connection to discharge a battery.
What is the difference with a single "battery"
discharge?
A16.In a
perfect condition, the discharge rate will
increase with the number of batteries connected
in series or parallel. However, there will
be some lost during the energy transmission
by impedance such as a wire or an interface.
The numbers listed in our literature are
based on average numbers; the actual performance
might have some variations.
Q17.If
a battery fails, what will be the indications?
A17.1.Lower
performance
2.Low voltage
3.Cannot charge/recharge
4.Swelled container
5.Acid corrosion
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